§ 963

Detention of armed vessel

Up to 10 years Espionage & National Security None sentenced (FY2025) Ch. 45 · Foreign Relations

Official text prohibited actmental stateif conditionpenaltylegal term

(a) During a war in which the United States is a neutral nation, the President, or any person authorized by him, may detain any armed vessel owned wholly or in part by citizens of the United States, or any vessel, domestic or foreign (other than one which has entered the ports of the United States as a public vessel), which is manifestly built for warlike purposes or has been converted or adapted from a private vessel to one suitable for warlike use, until the owner or master, or person having charge of such vessel, shall furnish proof satisfactory to the President, or to the person duly authorized by him, that the vessel will not be employed to cruise against or commit or attempt to commit hostilities upon the subjects, citizens, or property of any foreign prince or state, or of any colony, district, or people with which the United States is at peace, and that the said vessel will not be sold or delivered to any belligerent nation, or to an agent, officer, or citizen of such nation, by them or any of them, within the jurisdiction of the United States, or upon the high seas.

(b) Whoever, in violation of this section takes, or to take, or authorizes the taking of any such vessel, out of port or from the United States, shall be or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both.

In addition, such vessel, her tackle, apparel, furniture, equipment, and her cargo shall be to the United States.

History: (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 746 (PDF, 39 MB); Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, §330016(1)(L), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147 (PDF, 52 MB).)

Simplified explanation

During a war in which the U.S. is neutral, the President may hold armed or warship-type vessels in port until the owner proves they will not be used against friendly nations or sold to a country at war. It is a federal crime to take, try to take, or authorize taking a held vessel out of port.